![]() In order to detect faults in a given rain-gauge P ut (“ rain-gauge under test”), first a model that relates its measurements with previous ones of the same rain-gauge (“ auto-regressive AR model’) or with other rain-gauges spatially correlated (“ moving-average MA model”) should be derived. Each time a bucket tips, an electronic signal is sent to a recorder which is registered by the instrument with time stamp. ![]() When one bucket tips, the other bucket quickly moves into place to collect rainwater. ![]() When the water fills up to a known point of the bucket, say having a volume v, the bucket tips, emptying the water. During rain, rain water is collected in the collecting bucket, through the funnel. The buckets are so placed on a pivot that only one bucket remains under the funnel at a time. It is covered by a funnel, with an open collector area at the top where A is the area of collection. Due to spatial uniformity of rainfall, 1 mm of measured precipitation is the equivalent of 1 L of precipitated rain water volume per metre squared.Ī tipping bucket rain gauge consists of a pair of rainwater collecting buckets. However, it should not be too small, neither should it be too large. ![]() Since the same amount of rain precipitation is assumed to be occurring around the container, the area of collection is not a factor. The precipitation is measured in terms of the height of the precipitated water accumulated in the container per given time and is expressed in millimetres. The instrument consists of a collection container which is placed in an open area. Rajat Acharya, in Satellite Signal Propagation, Impairments and Mitigation, 2017 7.1.1.3 Rain gaugeĪ rain gauge is a meteorological instrument to measure the precipitating rain in a given amount of time per unit area. Tropospheric impairments: Measurements and mitigation
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